Particles

Essential words for N5

Particles

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ga
  • 〜があるある

    Things / inanimate existence

  • 〜がいるいる

    People / animals (existence)

  • 〜が分かるかる

    What you understand takes が

  • 〜が要る

    What you need takes が

o
  • 〜を食べるべる

    Eat something

  • 〜を飲む

    Drink something

  • 〜を読む

    Read something

  • 〜を書く

    Write something

  • 〜を見る

    See / watch something

  • 〜を買う

    Buy something

  • 〜を聞く

    Hear / ask something

  • 〜を出る

    Leave a place (home, station…)

ni
  • 〜に行く

    Go to a destination

  • 〜に来る

    Come to a destination

  • 〜に帰る

    Return to a place

  • 〜に会う

    Meet someone

  • 〜に乗る

    Board / ride transport

  • 〜に入る

    Enter a place

  • 〜に住む

    Live in a place

  • 〜に上げるげる

    Give something to someone

e
  • 〜へ行く

    Go toward a place

  • 〜へ来る

    Come toward a place

  • 〜へ帰る

    Return toward a place

de
  • 〜で働く

    Work at a place

  • 〜で遊ぶ

    Play / hang out at a place

  • 〜で食べるべる

    Eat at a place (not destination)

  • 〜で話す

    Speak in a language / by a means

  • 〜で行く

    Go by a means (train, car…)

  • 〜で勉強するする

    Do the action at a place (study, etc.)

to
  • 〜と話す

    Talk with someone

  • 〜と遊ぶ

    Play / hang out with someone

  • 〜と行く

    Go with someone

  • 〜と言う

    Say / quote (“…”)

からkara
  • 〜から来る

    Come from an origin

  • 〜から出る

    Exit from a place

  • 〜から勉強するする

    Start from a time (with する / an action)

までmade
  • 〜まで働く

    Work until a time

  • 〜まで歩く

    Walk up to a place

  • 〜まで行く

    Go as far as a point

Particles

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20 Words
wa
Marks the topic of the sentence
ga
Marks the grammatical subject
o
Marks the direct object
ni
Direction, time, location (existence)
e
Direction towards
de
Place of action, means, or instrument
to
With, and (complete listing)
mo
Also, too, neither
から
kara
From (origin)
まで
made
Until (limit)
no
Possessive, noun linker
ka
Question marker
yo
Emphasis, new information
ne
Confirmation, agreement
ya
Partial listing
とか
toka
Examples, things like
だけ
dake
Only, just
しか
shika
Only (with negative)
でも
demo
Even; but / however
のに
noni
Although, despite
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